{"id":12123,"date":"2024-10-23T15:42:22","date_gmt":"2024-10-23T07:42:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/xiairworld.com\/?p=12123"},"modified":"2025-07-10T17:21:11","modified_gmt":"2025-07-10T09:21:11","slug":"giao-duc-montessori","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/xiairworld.com\/vi\/montessori-education\/","title":{"rendered":"Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c Montessori l\u00e0 g\u00ec?"},"content":{"rendered":"
C\u00e1c b\u1eadc ph\u1ee5 huynh v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng tr\u00ed t\u00f2 m\u00f2 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh y\u00eau h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb. M\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt l\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c Montessori, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi tri\u1ebft l\u00fd gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o, l\u1ea5y tr\u1ebb l\u00e0m trung t\u00e2m. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eafc m\u1eafc gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c Montessori ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 g\u00ec v\u00e0 t\u1ea1i sao n\u00f3 l\u1ea1i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1eady tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c Montessori, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1edfi Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 Maria Montessori, l\u00e0 tri\u1ebft l\u00fd gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh, t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng, khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch tr\u1ebb em kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 v\u00e0 t\u00ecm t\u00f2i theo t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang m\u00ecnh.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Nh\u01b0ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c Montessori th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 g\u00ec, v\u00e0 n\u00f3 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o so v\u1edbi gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng? H\u00e3y c\u00f9ng t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c Montessori, l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i, nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch m\u00e0 n\u00f3 mang l\u1ea1i cho con b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n L\u1ecbch s\u1eed gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c Montessori b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20 khi Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 Maria Montessori gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c tr\u1ebb em mang t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o b\u00e0i b\u1ea3n v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u00e1c s\u0129, Montessori chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c sau khi nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y tr\u1ebb em h\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t th\u00f4ng qua tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1. B\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp ng\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, \u201cCasa dei Bambini<\/a>(Ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 tr\u1ebb th\u01a1), v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1907, n\u01a1i b\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c sau n\u00e0y tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p Montessori.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c t\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc, m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, hi\u1ec7n nay th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c Montessori<\/a>N\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c Montessori n\u00e0y nhanh ch\u00f3ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn, v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y nay, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c Montessori \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea1i h\u01a1n 100 qu\u1ed1c gia tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p Montessori v\u1eabn l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c m\u1ea7m non v\u00e0 c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c m\u1ea7m non Montessori, t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Maria Montessori<\/a> ti\u00ean phong trong c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1o h\u01a1n, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn l\u1ea5y tr\u1ebb l\u00e0m trung t\u00e2m<\/a> Sinh n\u0103m 1870, b\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u1edf \u00dd c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng y khoa. Kinh nghi\u1ec7m l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi tr\u1ebb em, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 tr\u1ebb em c\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, \u0111\u00e3 th\u00f4i th\u00fac b\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee9ng nh\u1eafc, \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t t\u1eeb tr\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 truy\u1ec1n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng cho b\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t tri\u1ebft l\u00fd h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp m\u1edbi d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Maria Montessori \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 cho gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh ni\u1ec1m tin c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c trao quy\u1ec1n cho tr\u1ebb em. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u n\u00f3i n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a Maria Montessori l\u00e0: "D\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i, 'Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb b\u00e2y gi\u1edd \u0111ang l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i<\/strong><\/em>.'”<\/p>\n\n\n\n V\u1ec1 c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c Montessori \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng kh\u00e1t khao h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean tri\u1ebft l\u00fd gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c Montessori, tin r\u1eb1ng tr\u1ebb em h\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1, \u0111\u01b0a ra l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u00e0 tham gia v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh. Kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc Montessori mang \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng phong ph\u00fa v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i t\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o c\u1ee5 chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c Montessori n\u00e0y khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch tr\u1ebb em tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00dd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c Montessori b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb ni\u1ec1m tin r\u1eb1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n h\u00f3a. Tr\u1ebb em \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 do l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c em n\u1eafm v\u1eefng c\u00e1c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi chuy\u1ec3n sang c\u00e1c m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc kh\u00e1c. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c Montessori n\u00e0y gi\u00fap c\u00e1c em ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0 to\u00e1n, ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef, khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng s\u1ed1ng thi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c Montessori t\u1ea1o n\u00ean s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng. Nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn nh\u1eb1m th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, c\u1ea3m x\u00fac v\u00e0 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t t\u1ea1o n\u00ean n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c Montessori.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Trong gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c Montessori, l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng. Nh\u1eefng kh\u00f4ng gian n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00edch \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3 n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t c\u1ee1 tr\u1ebb em<\/a>, t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u d\u1ec5 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch tr\u1ebb kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi th\u00f4ng qua tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau l\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3, n\u01a1i tr\u1ebb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 s\u1edf th\u00edch v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 tin.<\/p>\n\n\n\nL\u1ecbch s\u1eed Montessori<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
<\/figure>\n\n\n\nMaria Montessori l\u00e0 ai?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
<\/figure>\n\n\n\nGi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c Montessori l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c Montessori<\/h2>\n\n\n\n